Women are Reclaiming the Centuries Old Art of Gnaoua

GHRTV

Jul 21, 2023 - 13:11

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Women are Reclaiming the Centuries Old Art of Gnaoua

Photo Source: Via Kuwait Times

20-07-2023

Tsedenia Gigar Getaneh

Women’s Rights Researcher,

Global Human Rights Defense.

‘‘Tagnaouite has gained worldwide recognition with its UNESCO listing. Why shouldn't a woman play the guembri? Why shouldn't women be part of this dynamic? Women were at best simple members of Gnaoua groups, but never leaders. And the day I had the opportunity to play the guembri and succeeded in playing this instrument, I didn't hesitate for a second," shared Asma Hamzaoui, frontwoman of the all-female "Bnat Timbouktou". (African news July 2, 2023)

In a remarkable breakthrough, Moroccan women are getting involved and bringing new inclusive energy to the traditional art of Gnaoua Music also knows as ‘‘Tagnaouite’’ which is a spiritual musical repertoire that has long been dominated by men. (Daily News July 4,2023)

Gnaoua music, with its rich history dating back centuries, has been predominantly performed by men, with limited participation from women. However, a new wave of female Gnaoua musicians has emerged, making their mark and exerting a growing influence in the genre. Their talent and dedication have sparked a revitalization of the art form.

Brief History of Gnaoua Music

The origins of this unique music can be traced back to Sub-Saharan Africa, dating back to the 16th century. Most Gnaoua musicians can trace their heritage back to the Western Sudan Empire, which includes Senegal, Mali, Niger, and Guinea. (Telesur July 5, 2023)

Gnawa music constitutes a diverse collection of ancient African Islamic songs and rhythms. This culturally preserved heritage combines ritual poetry with traditional music and dancing. These musical expressions are showcased during "Lila's," which are communal nights of celebration solely dedicated to prayer and healing. (UNESCO,2015)

In 2019, UNESCO inscribed Morocco's Gnaoua culture into its list of intangible cultural heritage. This recognition further highlights the significance of Gnaoua music as an essential aspect of Morocco's cultural identity and its contribution to the world's diverse musical heritage. (UNESCO,2015)

Overall, Gnaoua music is a living testament to the rich cultural interactions and syncretism that have shaped the history of North Africa, making it a vital part of Morocco's artistic and spiritual legacy.

Gnaoua Music Festival 2023: A Platform for Empowerment and Inclusivity

The Gnaoua Music Festival held in the beautiful city of Essaouira, serves as a significant platform for showcasing the remarkable talent and contributions of female Gnaoua musicians. With each edition, the festival actively fosters an environment of empowerment and inclusivity, where artists from diverse backgrounds come together to celebrate the rich heritage of Gnaoua music. (Arts & Culture, July 2, 2023)

Redesigning Tradition

Casablanca native Asma Hamzaoui, a 26-year-old musical prodigy, stands at the forefront of a ground-breaking movement in the realm of Gnaoua music. Her father, a Gnaoua master, initiated her into this art form from a young age, shaping her journey into becoming one of the first women to perform Gnaoua with unmatched skill. (African news July 2, 2023)

In 2012, Asma Hamzaoui established "Bnat Timbouktou," an all-female ensemble that defied conventions and stunned festival goers with their mesmerizing performances. Hamzaoui led the group alongside four skilled musicians playing qraqeb steel castanets. They even shared the stage with the renowned all-female group from Mali, "Amazones d'Afrique." Hamzaoui's ambition and talent have not only forged a path for herself but also inspired others. (African news July 2, 2023)

Yousra Mansour, frontwoman of the band "Bab L'bluz," further exemplifies the feminine revolution within Gnaoua. Blending Gnaoua, rock, and blues, Mansour encountered challenges as she sought to redefine traditional music. Breaking away from men dominated music scene, she replaced conventional instruments with the guembri and awisha, creating an innovative "power trio" reminiscent of Jimi Hendrix's style. (African news July 2, 2023)

A New Era for Gnaoua Music

Looking ahead, the future for female Gnaoua musicians appears promising. Efforts are underway to promote gender equality and inclusivity in the Gnaoua music scene, ensuring that diverse voices continue to flourish. Preserving and celebrating the cultural heritage of Gnaoua music through the contributions of women is crucial for its continued growth and evolution.

Asma Hamzaoui, Yousra Mansour, Hind Ennaira, and other incredible women have led a powerful change in Gnaoua music. Breaking free from the constraints of a historically men dominated field, they have faced stereotypes and gender biases. They have proved that passion, talent, and determination can break gender norms and revive tradition. Their strong determination has inspired future generations to fearlessly follow their passions and embrace the unique mix of African rhythms, spiritual chants, and poetry in Gnaoua music. (Daily News July 4,2023)

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